Triển khai chuyên đề đảo ngữ

07-12-2011

            TRIỂN KHAI CHUYÊN ĐỀ ĐẢO NGỮ

                                                                               Người trình bày: Đoàn Thị Lệ Nhung

Đảo ngữ là hình thức đặt động từ trước chủ ngữ trong câu. Ngoài cách dùng thông thường trong các loại câu hỏi, chúng ta vẫn thường  gặp một số trường hợp đảo ngữ sau đây dùng để nhấn mạnh.

I. NEVER, RARELY, SELDOM, LITTLE, UNDER, AT, IN , ON

Những từ được đặt đầu câu dùng trong đảo ngữ có nghĩa phủ định là: nerver, rarely, seldom, little, và các cụm từ bắt đàu bằng giới từ như: under, at in,on.

Example:

Rarely does one find good service these days.

Seldom had they participated in such a fascinating ceremony.

Never in my life have I seen such a mess.

Little did she realise what would happen to her next.

Under no circumstance will Miss Weaver be offered the job.

At no time was Tom aware of what was happening.

In no way can Mr Brown be held responsible.

On no account are visitors allowed to smoke  in the museum.

II. NOT ONLY… BUT ALSO, ONLY…, NOT…

1.      Cấu trúc với Not only… but also và Not + danh từ hoặc trạng từ chỉ thời gian.

Example:

Not only is she intelligent but she is olso kind.

Not only did we loose all our money, but we also came to losing our lives.

Not until he retired did he think about having a holiday abroad.

Not a sound did she make as she crept upstairs.

2.      Cấu trúc với Only…

Only when I have free time do I watch TV.

Only by  (using ) force could the door be opened

Only after they waited for twelve hours did their flight leave.

Only last week did the Agriculture Minister admit defeat.

III. CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN LƯỢC BỎ “IF”.

     Example:

   If anyone asks me, please tell themI will be away for a few days.

= Should anyone asks me, please tell themI will be away for a few days.

   If it hadn’t been  for Henry, I might not have met you.

=Had it not been for Henry, I might not have met you.

    If the chemicals were to leak, a large area of the sea would be contaminated.

= Were the chemicals to leak, a large area of the sea would be contaminated.

   If I had known what was going to happen, I would never have left him alone.

= Had I known what was going to happen, I would never have left him alone.

IV.HARDLY, SCARCELY, BARELY…WHEN, NO SOONER…THAN

Example:

Scarcely had she put the phone down when it rang again.

Hardly had they arrived on the beach when it started to rain.

No sooner had I gone to the bed than someone rang my doorbell.

Barely had he walked into the house when the telephone rang.

V. SO… THAT, SUCH…THAT

Example:

So hot was the day that we had to stay indoors.

Such was his fury that he threw the book across the room.

VI.NHỮNG TRƯỜNG HỢP KHÁC

1.Cụm trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn đặt ở đầu câu.

Example:

On the stairs was sitting a small girl.

2.Liên từ AS mỡ đầu cho mệnh đề sau:

Example:

She travelled a great deal, as most of her friends.

3.Liên từ NEITHER, NOR và SO.

Example:

*-I don’t like him.

-Nor/ Neither do I.

*-My mother is ill this week.

  -So is my mother.

4.Cấu trúc với  HERE vaf THERE đặt ở đầu câu.

Example:

-Here comes Freddy!

-There goes the teacher!

5.Động từ SAY, ASK… trong mệnh đề giới thiệu của lời nói trực tiếp: Lưu ý rằng đảo ngữ không được dùng  nếu chủ nhữ là một đại từ.

Example:

“What do you mean?” asked Henry.

“What do you mean?” He asked .

                                                                HẾT